Cold therapy involves the application of a cooling device, a variety of which are commercially available.

For any item to be covered, it must:

1. be eligible for a defined Medicare benefit category;
2. be reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or treatment of illness or injury or to improve the functioning of a malformed body member; and,
3. meet all other applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

For the items addressed in this medical policy, the criteria for "reasonable and necessary" are defined by the following indications and limitations of coverage.

For an item to be covered, a written signed and dated order must be received by the supplier before a claim is submitted. If the supplier bills for an item addressed in this policy without first receiving the completed order, the item will be denied as not medically necessary.

A water circulating cold pad with pump (E0218) will be denied as not medically necessary. Effective January 26, 2009, a provider cannot bill the member for the denied service unless the provider has given advance written notice, informing the member that the service may be deemed not medically necessary and providing an estimate of the cost.  The member must agree in writing to assume financial responsibility, in advance of receiving the service.  The signed agreement, in the form of a Pre-Service Denial Notice, should be maintained in the provider's records.

Documentation Requirements

An order for each item billed must be signed and dated by the treating physician, kept on file by the supplier, and made available upon request. Items billed before a signed and dated order has been received by the supplier must be submitted with an EY modifier (No physician or other licensed health care provider order for this item or service) added to each affected procedure code.

NOTE:

This policy is designed to address medical guidelines that are appropriate for the majority of individuals with a particular disease, illness, or condition. Each person's unique clinical circumstances may warrant individual consideration, based on review of applicable medical records.

A device in which ice water is put in a reservoir and then circulated through a pad by means of gravity is not considered durable medical equipment (DME). Other devices (not all-inclusive) which are also not considered to be DME are: single use packs which generate cold temperature by a chemical reaction; packs which contain gel or other material which can be repeatedly frozen; simple containers into which ice water can be placed. All of these types of devices must be coded A9270 if claims are submitted. The provider cannot bill the member for the denied service.

Code E0218 describes a device which has an electric pump that circulates cold water through a pad.

Effective July 1, 2009, suppliers should contact the Pricing, Data Analysis and Coding (PDAC) Contractor for guidance on the correct coding of these items.  https://www.dmepdac.com/

Section 1833(e) of the Social Security Act precludes payment to any provider of services unless "there has been furnished such information as may be necessary in order to determine the amounts due such provider." It is expected that the patient's medical records will reflect the need for the care provided. The patient's medical records include the physician's office records, hospital records, nursing home records, home health agency records, records from other healthcare professionals and test reports. This documentation must be available upon request.