Mountain State Medical Policy Bulletin

Section: Miscellaneous
Number: G-16
Topic: Chemotherapy Services
Effective Date: July 1, 2010
Issued Date: August 2, 2010
Date Last Reviewed:

General Policy Guidelines

Indications and Limitations of Coverage

Coverage for chemotherapy is determined according to individual or group customer benefits. The following chemotherapy services and supplies are covered in any place of service, if the patient has a malignant disease, the drug being used is FDA approved, and a doctor performed or supervised and billed for the service.

NOTE:
Chemotherapy for non-malignant disease may be paid as a therapeutic injection according to the member's benefits.

Off-Labeled Use for Anti-Cancer Drugs
For consideration of off-labeled use for anti-cancer drugs, the patient must have failed all approved first line therapies, or their condition precludes their use, and there are no other therapeutic options available.

An off-labeled use of a drug is a use that is not included as an indication on the drug's label as approved by the FDA. FDA approved drugs used for indications other than what is indicated on the official label may be covered if the use is determined to be medically acceptable, taking into consideration the major drug compendia, authoritative medical literature and/or accepted standards of the medical practice.

Off-labeled uses of FDA approved drugs and biologicals used in an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic regimen for a medically accepted indication are evaluated under the conditions described below. A cancer treatment regimen includes drugs used to treat toxicities or side effects of the cancer treatment regimen when the drug is administered incident to a chemotherapy treatment.

An off-label usage of an FDA approved drug will be considered for coverage when there are no specific contraindications and one of the following criteria is met.

  1. Its usage is supported by one or more citations in at least one of the drug compendia listed below, and the usage is not listed as "not indicated" in any of the compendia listed below:

    • American Hospital Formulary Service-Drug Information (AHFS-DI)
    • Elsevier Gold Standards Clinical Pharmacology Compendium
    • National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Drugs & Biologics Compendium™
    • Thomson Micromedex Drug Dex®

  2. The use is supported by clinical research that appears in peer-reviewed medical literature. This applies only when an off-labeled use does not appear in any of the compendia or is listed as insufficient data or investigational. Peer-reviewed medical literature includes scientific, medical, and pharmaceutical publications in which original manuscripts are published, only after having been critically reviewed for scientific accuracy, validity, and reliability by unbiased independent experts. This does not include in-house publications of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies or abstracts (including meeting abstracts).

    Coverage will be determined based on the results of peer-reviewed medical literature published in any of the following:

    • American Journal of Medicine
    • Annals of Internal Medicine
    • Annals of Oncology
    • Annals of Surgical Oncology
    • Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
    • Blood
    • Bone Marrow Transplantation
    • British Journal of Cancer
    • British Journal of Hematology
    • British Medical Journal
    • Cancer
    • Clinical Cancer Research
    • Drugs
    • European Journal of Cancer
    • Gynecologic Oncology
    • International Journal of Radiation, Oncology, Biology, and Physics
    • Journal of Clinical Oncology
    • Journal of the National Cancer Institute
    • Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)
    • Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 
    • Journal of Urology
    • Lancet
    • Lancet Oncology
    • Leukemia
    • Radiation Oncology
    • The Journal of the American Medical Association
    • The New England Journal of Medicine

ITEM 

COVERAGE STATUS

I. Drugs

90586, A9600, A9604, J0128, J0594, J0640, J0641, J0780, J0881, J0882, J0885, J0886, J0894, J1094, J1100, J1190, J1200, J1260, J1440, J1441, J1453, J1457, J1626, J1675, J1720, J1940, J2060, J2150, J2278, J2353, J2354, J2355, J2405, J2425, J2430, J2469, J2505, J2765, J2780, J2783, J2820, J2920, J2930, J3240, J3250, J3315, J3410, J3487, J8501, J8510-J8521, J8530, J8540, J8560, J8565, J8597, J8600, J8610, J8650, J8700, J8705, J9000-J9097, J9098, J9100-J9190, J9200-J9293, J9300, J9303, J9305, J9310, J9320-J9390, J9395, J9600, Q0163-Q0181, Q2017, Q2025, Q4081, S0023, S0088, S0091, S0108, S0145, S0146, S0156, S0170, S0172, S0174, S0175, S0176, S0177, S0178, S0179, S0181, S0182, S0183, S0187

A. Antineoplastic Agents

Antineoplastic agents which have FDA approval are covered when supplied by a doctor and given by an eligible method of administration.

NOTE: Antineoplastic agents administered in a hospital/facility setting are reimbursed to the facility, unless the cost of the agent is incurred by the doctor.

 

B. Other Drugs

Coverage for other drugs is determined according to individual or group customer benefits.

Payment should be made for prescription drugs which are ordered and dispensed by a doctor and which relate directly to the treatment of malignant disease.

Chemotherapy should be provided for drugs administered as part of a rescue from, or antidote for, severe toxic reactions to the antineoplastic agent, e.g., Leucovorin given as an antidote following high-dose Methotrexate therapy; diuretics with CisPlatin; or antiemetics.

Payment may be made for oral antiemetic drugs (Q0163-Q0181) when used as full replacement for intravenous antiemetic drugs as part of a cancer chemotherapeutic regimen. Procedure codes Q0166 and Q0180 should not exceed a 24 hour dosage regimen. The remaining codes should not exceed a 48 hour dosage regimen.

Payment should not be made for a rescue agent that is provided in conjunction with the administration of an ineligible antineoplastic drug. In addition, drugs prescribed as dietary supplements, vitamins, sedatives or non- prescription drugs such as aspirin are not covered.

 

II. Methods of Administration

(50391, 51720, 96360, 96361, 96365-96379, 96401-96450, 96521, 96522, 96523, 96542)

 

 

A.  Subcutaneous, intra-muscular, intravenous or intra-arterial injection, infusion or perfusion and intracavitary (e.g., instillation into the bladder via catheter).

Coverage is determined according to individual or group customer benefits.

When multiple drugs are administered concurrently by the same route of administration, only one administration fee will be paid.

When multiple drugs are given sequentially or by different routes of administration, a separate fee will be paid for each administration. This includes rescue agents, etc., described in section I.B. The appropriate administration code should be reported.

NOTE: Instillation of an anti-carcinogenic agent into the bladder (code 51720) is a covered surgical service.

Instillation(s) of therapeutic agent into renal pelvis and/or ureter through established nephrostomy, pyelostomy, or ureterostomy tube (e.g., anticarcinogenic or antifungal agent) (code 50391) is a covered surgical service.

 

B. Topical

Covered as chemosurgical destruction of a malignant lesion when the antineoplastic drug must be applied by the doctor. For chemosurgical destruction, report code 96549.

If the drug is reported on the same day as the topical administration of chemotherapy, and the charges are itemized, combine the charges and pay only the topical administration of chemotherapy.

Payment for the topical administration of chemotherapy performed on the same date of service includes the allowance for the drug. Modifier 59 may be reported with a non-E/M service, to identify it as distinct or independent from other non-E/M services performed on the same day. When modifier 59 is reported, the patient’s records must support its use in accordance with CPT guidelines. A participating, preferred, or network provider cannot bill the member separately for the drug in this case.

If the drug is reported independently, process it under the appropriate code.

 

 NOTE: The method of administration is covered only when the drug is eligible for payment.

 

III. Adjunctive Services  
A. Medical care including observation and examination

Generally payment can be made for medical care in conjunction with or as follow-up to chemotherapy provided on an outpatient basis.

 

B. Surgery

Eligible

 

When drugs are administered into a cavity, e.g., lumbar puncture, peritoneocentesis or thoracentesis, payment will be made for the drug.

However, since the surgical procedure is considered a route of administration, a separate administration allowance will not be made. Modifier 59 may be reported with a non-E/M service, to identify it as distinct or independent from other non-E/M services performed on the same day. When modifier 59 is reported, the patient’s records must support its use in accordance with CPT guidelines.

 

C. Hydration Therapy

(J7030, J7040, J7042, J7050, J7060, J7070)

Hydration therapy is considered a rescue agent when it is used in conjunction with chemotherapy. When hydration therapy is used for indications other than as a rescue agent, it is subject to the member's therapeutic injection benefit coverage. If the rescue agent is not a benefit of the member's contract, it is not covered. In this instance, a participating, preferred, or network provider can bill the member for the denied service.

 

D. Other types of service such as pathology, radiology, etc

Payment is made for medically necessary services.

 

E. Supply charges (e.g., needles, swabs, bandaids, tubing, etc.) but not limited to, those listed

Supplies used in the administration of chemotherapy are considered part of a provider's overhead expense. Separate payment will not be made for any overhead expense. Coverage for overhead expenses is determined according to individual or group customer benefits. A participating, preferred, or network provider cannot bill the member for these expenses. (Refer to Medical Policy Bulletin Z-39 for additional information on overhead expenses.)

 

 

Any program variations to the chemotherapy benefit are identified according to individual or group customer benefits.

See Medical Policy Bulletin I-7 on Erythropoietin (EPO).
See Medical Policy Bulletin I-13 on Interferon Alpha.
See Medical Policy Bulletin I-16 on Leuprolide (Lupron).
See Medical Policy Bulletin I-21 on Herceptin.
See Medical Policy Bulletin I-91 on Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.


NOTE:
This policy is designed to address medical guidelines that are appropriate for the majority of individuals with a particular disease, illness, or condition. Each person's unique clinical circumstances may warrant individual consideration, based on review of applicable medical records.

Procedure Codes

503915172090586963609636196365
963669636796368963699637096371
963729637396374963759637696379
964019640296405964069640996411
964139641596416964179642096422
964239642596440964459645096521
96522965239654296549A9600A9605
J0128J0594J0640J0641J0780J0881
J0882J0885J0886J0894J1094J1100
J1190J1200J1260J1440J1441J1453
J1457J1626J1675J1720J1940J2060
J2150J2278J2353J2354J2355J2405
J2425J2430J2469J2505J2765J2780
J2783J2820J2920J2930J3240J3250
J3315J3410J3487J7030J7040J7042
J7050J7060J7070J8501J8510J8520
J8521J8530J8540J8560J8565J8597
J8600J8610J8650J8700J8705J9000
J9001J9010J9015J9020J9025J9027
J9031J9033J9035J9040J9041J9045
J9050J9055J9060J9062J9065J9070
J9080J9090J9091J9092J9093J9094
J9095J9096J9097J9098J9100J9110
J9120J9130J9140J9150J9151J9155
J9160J9165J9171J9175J9178J9181
J9185J9190J9200J9201J9202J9206
J9207J9208J9209J9211J9212J9213
J9214J9215J9216J9217J9218J9219
J9225J9230J9245J9250J9260J9261
J9263J9264J9265J9266J9268J9270
J9280J9290J9291J9293J9300J9303
J9305J9310J9320J9328J9330J9340
J9350J9355J9357J9360J9370J9375
J9380J9390J9395J9600Q0163Q0164
Q0165Q0166Q0167Q0168Q0169Q0170
Q0171Q0172Q0173Q0174Q0175Q0176
Q0177Q0178Q0179Q0180Q0181Q2017
Q2025Q4081S0023S0088S0091S0108
S0145S0146S0156S0170S0172S0174
S0175S0176S0177S0178S0179S0181
S0182S0183S0187   

Traditional Guidelines

Refer to General Policy Guidelines

FEP Guidelines

FEP covers inpatient and outpatient treatment therapies for chemotherapy and radiation therapy. FEP will also cover high dose chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in connection with bone marrow transplants, and drugs or medication to stimulate or mobilize stem cells for transplant procedures. (Please refer to the organ/tissue transplant section of the most recently published Blue Cross Blue Shield Service Plan for those conditions listed as covered.)

PPO Guidelines

Refer to General Policy Guidelines

Managed Care POS Guidelines

Refer to General Policy Guidelines

Publications

References

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Table Attachment

Text Attachment

Procedure Code Attachments

Diagnosis Codes

Glossary





This policy is designed to address medical guidelines that are appropriate for the majority of individuals with a particular disease, illness, or condition. Each person's unique clinical circumstances may warrant individual consideration, based on review of applicable medical records.

Medical policies are designed to supplement the terms of a member's contract. The member's contract defines the benefits available; therefore, medical policies should not be construed as overriding specific contract language. In the event of conflict, the contract shall govern.

Medical policies do not constitute medical advice, nor the practice of medicine. Rather, such policies are intended only to establish general guidelines for coverage and reimbursement under Mountain State Blue Cross Blue Shield plans. Application of a medical policy to determine coverage in an individual instance is not intended and shall not be construed to supercede the professional judgment of a treating provider. In all situations, the treating provider must use his/her professional judgment to provide care he/she believes to be in the best interest of the patient, and the provider and patient remain responsible for all treatment decisions.

Mountain State Blue Cross Blue Shield (MSBCBS) retains the right to review and update its medical policy guidelines at its sole discretion. These guidelines are the proprietary information of MSBCBS. Any sale, copying or dissemination of the medical policies is prohibited; however, limited copying of medical policies is permitted for individual use.